Methiopropamine (MPA)

Description

Methiopropamine (MPA)

Methiopropamine (MPA), a new psychoactive substance (NPS), is a stimulant drug, sold on its own or within a range of branded products.

Methiopropamine (MPA) is a thiophene ring-based structural analogue of methamphetamine which was originally reported in 1942.Chemically, it is not a phenethylamine or amphetamine, nor is it their functional analog.

Methiopropamine (MPA) is a stimulant (upper) drug with similar effects to methamphetamine which can make you feel alert and more energetic. It also increases your heart rate and breathing. People using it can experience a mild high, sexual arousal and loss of appetite as well as difficulty urinating (peeing), chest pain, breathing problems and an urge to re-dose.

Pharmacology

Methiopropamine functions as a selective norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agent. This allows dopamine and norepinephrine to accumulate within the brain, resulting in stimulating and euphoric effects. It is approximately one third as potent as dextroamphetamine as a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and one fifth as much as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor. It displays negligible activity as a serotonin reuptake inhibitor.

Side effects

Stimulation – In terms of its effects on the physical energy levels of the user, methiopropamine is usually considered to be mildly to moderately energetic and stimulating in a fashion that is considerably weaker in comparison to that of traditional recreational stimulants such as amphetamine, MDMA or cocaine. This encourages physical activities such as performing chores, repetitive tasks which would otherwise be boring and strenuous physical activities.
Spontaneous tactile sensations – The “body high” of methiopropamine can be described as an intense euphoric, sharp and all-encompassing tingling sensation that remains present through the duration of the experience.
Increased heart rate – In comparison to other stimulants such as amphetamine or cocaine, methiopropamine only has a mild effect on one’s heart rate.
Appetite suppression The above components are also accompanied by a suppression of appetite which is usually much less intense in strength in comparison to the appetite suppression experienced with amphetamine or methamphetamine.
Increased perspiration
Increased libido
Temperature regulation suppression
Teeth grinding – This component can be considered to be less intense when compared with that of MDMA.

MPA is described by many users as being similar to drugs such as caffeine or methylphenidate (Ritalin) and users state that they find it helpful when studying or working late. MPA reportedly induces very little euphoria. Comedown effects are usually described as minimal compared to some other substances, with effects including tiredness, low mood, headaches and irritability.

When MPA is combined with certain other drugs (for example aminoindanes, such as MDAI or 5-iAi) the user is placed at risk of serotonin toxicity. This can be fatal if not dealt with quickly. Symptoms include hyperthermia (overheating), hyperreflexia (over responsive reflexes), clonus (involuntary muscular contractions and relaxations), hypertension (high blood pressure), dysphoria (mental distress) and mydriasis (dilated pupils). Due to muscle tension being triggered by the condition, there is a potential of developing rhabdomyolysis (muscle tissue breakdown) which can cause severe kidney damage and can be fatal. It is therefore dangerous to restrain individuals, as increased agitation will lead to increased muscle tension trying to break free from restraints.

Dangerous interactions

Although many psychoactive substances are safe on their own, they can become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with other substances. The list below contains some common potentially dangerous combinations, but may not include all of them. Certain combinations may be safe in low doses of each but still increase the potential risk of death. Independent research should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.

Stimulants – MPA can be potentially dangerous in combination with other stimulants as it can increase one’s heart rate and blood pressure to dangerous levels.
25x-NBOMe – Both the NBOMe series and this compound induce powerful stimulation and their interaction may cause severe side effects. These can include thought loops, seizures, increased blood pressure, vasoconstriction, increased heart rate, and heart failure (in extreme cases).
Alcohol – It is dangerous to combine alcohol, a depressant, with stimulants due to the risk of excessive intoxication. Stimulants decrease the sedative effect of alcohol which is the main factor most people consider when determining their level of intoxication. Once the stimulant wears off, the effects of alcohol will be significantly increased, leading to intensified disinhibition as well as respiratory depression. If combined, one should strictly limit themselves to only drinking a certain amount of alcohol per hour.
DXM – This combination may cause increased heart rate and panic attacks.
MXE – Increased heart rate and blood pressure may occur.
Tramadol – This combination can increase the risk of seizures.
MDMA – The neurotoxic effects of MDMA may be increased when combined with amphetamine and other stimulants.

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